Can Computer Chip Remember And Learn?

Computer Chip featured on a Living Brain can remember and learn, with help from DARPA, based on the neurons and synapses of the brain, IBM has built two working prototypes of a "neurosynaptic chip." these first-generation cognitive computing cores represents a major leap in power, speed and efficiency. A pair of brain-inspired cognitive computer chips unveiled today could be a new leap forward or at least a major fork in the road in the world of computer architecture and artificial intelligence.

IBM's project to map the neural circuitry of a macaque is the most complex brain networking project. Big Blue was not working it was just for the sake of reverse-engineer neural networks, helping pave the way to cognitive computer systems that can think as efficiently as the brain. A system has been made called as neurosynaptic chips. Built on 45 nanometer silicon platform, both chips consist of 256 neurons. One chip has 262,144 programmable synapses and the other contains 65,536 learning synapses. They can remember and learn from their own actions.
IBM has used many compute cores for experiments in navigation, machine vision, pattern recognition, associative memory and classification, it is considered as a step toward redefining computers. This new architecture represents a critical shift away from today's traditional von Neumann computers, to extremely power-efficient architecture.
In an interview " Dharmendra Modha, project leader for IBM Research, said "It integrates memory with processors, and it is fundamentally parallel and distributed as well as event-driven, so it begins to rival the brain's function, power and space."IBM's main objective is to build a chip system with 10 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapses that consist of one kilowatt-hour of electricity and can easily fit inside the shoebox.”
The project is funded by DARPA's Synapse initiative, and IBM just completed phases 0 and1. This is an IBM's project, which includes associations from Columbia University, Cornell University, the University of California-Merced and the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
From a couple of days Computer scientists are also working on systems that can emulate the brain's massively parallel, low-power computing prowess, and they've made several breakthroughs with respect to this. Computer engineer Steve Furber explained a synaptic computer network last year that consists of tens of thousands of cell phone chips this is one of the most notable computer-brain achievements have been in the field of memristors. As their name implies, a memory resistor can "remember" the last resistance that it possessed when current was flowing through it. So when current is turned back on, the resistance of the circuit will be the same, this basically makes a system much more efficient.

By: Saksham Gupta
Content: https://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2011-08/first-generation-cognitive-chips-based-brain-architecture-will-revolutionize-computing-ibm-says/