Facts about the Sun

The Sun is the heartbeat of the solar system. It is nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma with the internal compelling motion that releases a magnetic field. It is very distant from the most important source of energy for life on earth. The sun’s diameter is almost 1.39 million kilometers, or 109 times that of earth and its mass is about 330,000 times that of earth, which is chronicle to 99.86% of the total mass of the solar system. Sun’s mass consists three quarters of hydrogen (73%), and the rest is mostly helium (25%) with the smallest quantities of heavy aspects, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.
The conspicuous part of the sun is about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit (5,500 degrees Celsius), while the temperature is more than 27 million Fahrenheit (15 million C), which is steered by nuclear reactions. According to NASA to match the sun’s produced energy with the explodation of 100 billion tons of dynamite every second.
More than 100 billion stars in galaxy is nothing in front of the sun. Its trajectories are some of 25000 light-years from the galactic core, in every 250 million years sun’s completing its upheaval. Sun is younger than the star’s generation known as population I, and the older generation of stars is called population II, population III is known as earliest generation of stars. Despite of the fact no members of this generation are known yet.
The sun was born about 4.6 billion years ago; solar nebula is the giant, rotating cloud of gas and dust. According to scientists thought the sun and the rest of the solar system was formed through solar nebula. As the nebula fall down because of its gravity, it whirls faster into a disk. During a total solar eclipse, when the disk of the Sun is covered by that of the Moon, parts of the Sun's surrounding atmosphere can be seen. It is composed of four noticeable parts the chromosphere, the transition region, the corona and the heliosphere. The Sun has a magnetic field that varies across the surface of the Sun. Its polar field is 1–2 gauss (0.0001–0.0002 T), whereas the field is typically 3,000 gauss (0.3 T) in features on the Sun called sunspots and 10–100 gauss (0.001–0.01 T) in solar elevation.
The Sun is about halfway through its main-sequence stage, during which nuclear coadunation reactions in its crux coalesce hydrogen into helium. Each second, more than four million tons of matter are converted into energy within the Sun's crux, producing neutrinos and solar radiation. At this rate, the Sun has so far converted around 100 times the mass of Earth into energy, about 0.03% of the total mass of the Sun. The Sun will spend a total of approximately 10 billion years as a main-sequence star.
By: Tripti Varun
Content: https://www.space.com/58-the-sun-formation-facts-and-characteristics.html