Coma And Its Causes!

What is Coma? You might have heard about this medical condition in movies or even in real life but it’s actually is, Coma is basically a prolonged state of unconsciousness. During this, a person is unresponsive towards his or her environment and surrounding. The person is in reality alive and it feels as if he or she is sleeping. However the situation is way more different from deep sleep as the person cannot be awakened in this situation by any kind of stimulation, including pain.
What is the reason behind Coma?
Comas are majorly caused by an injury caused to the brain. Brain injury can be due to any reason like increased pressure, loss of oxygen, bleeding, or build-up of toxins. These types of injuries can be temporary and also reversible and they also can be permanent depending on the intensity and sensitivity of the cause.
Reports suggest that more than 50 per cent of comas are directly related to head trauma or disturbances caused in the circulatory system of brain.
Here are some of the problems that can lead to this type of situation:
Trauma: Traumas are the most common cause of coma. Head injuries can cause our brain to swell and in worse condition even bleed. As a result of trauma when our brain swells, the fluid is pushed up against the skull. Swelling caused due to trauma eventually causes the brain to force down the brain stems, which further damage the RAS called as Reticular Activating System which is a part of the brain and which is the responsible segment for awareness and arousal.
Swelling: Another problem that leads into coma situation is swelling of brain tissue that can occur even without distress. There are many reasons that cause this swelling, sometimes lack of oxygen, hormones and electrolyte imbalance cause this.
Blood sugar: People suffering with diabetes are more prone to coma as in such individuals blood sugar levels stays very high. This type of condition is commonly known as hyperglycemia. But Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar level can also lead to coma. But the good news is that this type of coma can be reversed once the blood sugar is corrected.

By: Prerana Sharma
Content: https://www.webmd.com/brain/coma-types-causes-treatments-prognosis